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2011年11月，由北京故宫博物院、中国古陶瓷学会、福建省文物局、德化县人民政府共同主办的“2011中国瓷都・德化窑学术研讨会”在瓷都德化举办，近百位国内外博物馆馆长、从事陶瓷文化研究的专家学者齐聚瓷都德化，以“的故乡、瓷艺术的摇篮”为主题，共同研讨深厚的德化窑陶瓷文化。

研讨会共提交专题论文39篇，其中不乏外国专家的作品。与会的专家学者以翔实的图文史料为佐证，从学术专业的角度对德化窑在国内外陶瓷文化领域的历史地位和影响做了全面深刻的阐述，是一笔难得的、丰硕的学术成果。

近期，《外国人眼中的“”》栏目将再次回顾刊载该研讨会的相关论文，并对其中的论文进行翻译，为广大德化陶瓷文化研究爱好者提供学习、交流、参考。

Dehua Ceramics in Long-distance Trade in the Song- Yuan period: excavations at Satingpra, South Thailand（九）

Janice Stargardt  翻译：孙延燕

In fact, the underglaze and glaze colours found among Chinese ceramics excavated at Satingpra are confined to a strikingly narrow, monochrome range: various shades of green, white and bluish-white with rare specimens of black or very dark brown glaze. Taken together the two white-bodied and white glazed wares-Jingdezhen and Dehua are more numerous than the Longquan wares during the Southern Song period, thereby suggesting a preference for white wares. No specimens of bi-or multi-coloured ceramics have been found. For instance the white glazed small bowls and water droppers with iron oxide spots or splashes found in numbers in the Philippines are entirely absent at Satingpra. Thus although the exceptionally high density of the deposits of Chinese ceramics testify to an active trade between China and Satingpra, the character of the ceramics found there(and also those absent)indicate that a particular trade network and distinct market preferences operated to determine what kind, quality and number of Chinese ceramics would find their way to Satingpra. Moreover these selective factors resulted not only from the tastes of the rulers and local elites of the Satingpra sites, but also reflected the market preferences of other courts elsewhere on the Isthmus, at Jambi in Sumatra and no doubt in India and the Middle East for whom Satingpra acted as an entrepot and mediator in the China trade.

事实上，在塞丁普拉发现的釉下和釉上的中国瓷器只局限于极窄的单色釉范围，包括各种绿色、白色、青白色以及少量黑色或深褐色釉。南宋时期景德镇和德化两种白胎白釉瓷器加在一起，比龙泉窑的数量更多，因而推断出一种白瓷偏好。没有发现双色或多色陶瓷的标本。例如，在菲律宾发现的数量众多的白色釉面小碗和带有氧化铁斑点的水滴，在塞丁普拉完全没有。因此，尽管塞丁普拉中国陶瓷器异常高密度的发现证明了两地之间活跃的贸易，但在那里发现的陶瓷制品的特点(以及那些缺失的陶瓷制品)表明，一个特定的贸易网络和不同的市场偏好在发挥作用，由此来确定哪些种类、质量和数量的中国陶瓷器会进入塞丁普拉。此外，这些选择性因素不仅来自于统治者和塞丁普拉遗址当地精英阶层的品味，而且也反映了苏门答腊占碑以及印度和中东其他地峡地区宫廷的市场偏好，塞丁普拉充当了中国贸易的转口港和中间人。

Finally, locating Satingpra in the wider context of famous port cities of South East Asia, it is significant that Malacca rose after Satingpra ceased to operate as an important port. Although Malacca did not enjoy the benefits of the trans-isthian routes that so radically shortened the journey between the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean, it was in a position to overlook and to benefit from the maritime trade passing through the Malacca Straits which, like its predecessor, functioned as the zone of interaction between the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea, the world’s greatest trading waters for many centuries.

最后，把塞丁普拉放在东南亚著名港口城市的大背景下，意义重大的是，继塞丁普拉之后，马六甲作为一个重要港口崛起。虽然马六甲并没有享受到急速缩短的跨南中国海和印度洋之间跨海峡航线带来的便利，但它却雄踞马六甲海峡的咽喉，并受益于跨海峡的海上贸易。与它的先前者一样，几世纪以来，马六甲一直作为世界上最伟大的贸易水域——印度洋和南中国海之间海上贸易活跃的互动区。

责任编辑：陈美珠